Introduction to the Greek-English Book of Enoch Interlinear
This table shows where the different Enoch texts are found on this
site. It also gives an overview of how the different fragments
correspond to each other, and to the 108 chapters in the Ge'ez
Ethiopic version of the Book of Enoch
|
Greek Book of Enoch I |
Greek Book of Enoch II |
1 |
Gizeh: 1:1 – 32:6 |
|
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Syncellus: 6:1 – 10:14 |
--- |
Syncellus: 15:8 – 16:1 |
--- |
|
--- |
Gizeh: 19:3 – 21:9 |
32 |
|
|
|
|
77 |
POxy2069: 77:7 – 78:1, 78:8 |
|
78 |
|
|
|
|
85 |
POxy2069: 85:10 – 86:2 87:1-3 |
|
86 |
|
87 |
|
|
|
|
89 |
V1809: 89:42-49 |
|
|
|
|
97 |
Syncellus: 97:1-5 |
|
97 |
CB185: 97:6 – 104:13 |
|
--- |
7QEnoch: 103:3-4 |
104 |
|
|
|
|
106 |
CB185: 106:1 – 107:3 |
|
107 |
|
Where were the texts found, and how old are they?
Gizeh: (Gizeh MS., also called the Cairo Codex, since it is now in the Cairo Museum - and also called Codex Panopolitanus, was found in 1886/1887 in a Coptic tomb in Akhmim-Panopolis in Upper Egypt. It is dated to the fifth or sixth century.
POxy2069: (Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 2069, found in a debris dump in Oxyrhynchus in Egypt during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, stored at Oxford University and published in 1927, but not recognized as fragments of the Enoch Book until 1971, by Josef T. Milik, they are dated to the end of the fourth century.
V1809: (An extract from a Byzantine chronicle found in Rome, dated towards the end of the tenth century.
Syncellus: (Part of the Ecloga Chronographic by George Syncellus, written at the beginning of the ninth century. Syncellus is believed to have quoted his Enoch fragments from the Annianus chronicle, which in turn quoted the Alexandrian monk Panodorus' chronicle, both works from the beginning of the fifth century.
CB185: (Chester Beatty Papyri, discovered in the 1930s, derived from Copts in Egypt and dated to the fourth century.
7QEnoch: (Discovered in Qumran cave 7, 1955, dated to about 100 BC.
So, these texts are all much older than the Ethiopic Enoch texts, which date back to about the 15th - 17th centuries. Does that mean they are better and more reliable than the Ethiopic? Not necessarily. Of course, they may be because they are older, but they are not preserved in a complete form, as the Ethiopic were. This may indicate that they were not considered sacred writings, by those who read and copied them, while the Ethiopian scribes clearly did, and still do.
The Ge'ez language is also a Semitic language, like the Aramaic, which makes it much easier to translate, in its original form, sentence structure and word choice, than from Aramaic to Greek. Of course, we do not know if the Ethiopic text is translated from Aramaic or Greek, but it is more likely that it came from the Aramaic, since both languages had translations, as can be seen in the Dead Sea Scrolls.
Anyway, both the Ethiopic and this Greek text have value, in order to understand the entire Enoch texts, which have been preserved for us.
For more information on the motivation for this interlinear, go to the introduction to the Ethiopian interlinear, as the same applies to both. But in short: What we want is translations, not interpretations, of the holy scriptures given to us by God.
So if a word is unclear how it should be translated, it is better to just leave it in its original form and explain that you do not know what it means, than to come up with an interpretation or guess, which of course only reflects the translator's own viewpoints and religious preferences (and perhaps even delusions or denials).
There is still some work to be done before the interlinear is completely finished, such as the dictionary is still missing quite a lot of translations, but rather than wait, I feel that I shall post the interlinear now, because it can still be helpful and edifying.
I have a facebook-page, where anyone who wants to contact me, can do so: facebook.com/enoksbok
Leif Strom, editor.
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The Greek texts used in this interlinear were found at the "Online Critical Pseudepigrapha" (pseudepigrapha.org), and are stated as public domain.
These include what is here called Gizeh, Gizeh2, CB185, POxy2069, V1809, Syncellus, and 7QEnoch.
The Syncellus parts were compared and completed by looking at a pdf found on the net with the following information: "Cultural Heritage Management Laboratory, www.aegean.gr/culturaltec/chmlab. University of the Aegean, Department of Cultural Technology and Communication, © 2006. It is allowed to use the material freely with reference to its source." Also R. H. Charles 1912 edition of his translation from the Ethiopic Book of Enoch was used for comparison and completion, where he included the Greek sources.
These are the Greek texts showed in the first row of the interlinear.
In the second row is a transliteration, made automatically from the Greek words above.
The third row shows translations of the Greek words, where translations are found in a file found on the net here (sblgnt.com/download/revint/99-Glossary.pdf). As far as can be seen, there is no copyright claim for this file. The file has been converted to a database for this interlinear, with some small corrections, and a few additions, of which there may be more added later on. The main source for the dictionary was of cource Strong's Concordance, now in public domain. The words in the third row are also linked to Strong's Greek Numbers.
In the fourth row are translation boxes.
In the fifth row are five buttons for each word, containing the following functions:
C is a concordance, made by automatically looking through the greek texts for the same word as above the button.
M is for Morphology, far from complete as for now. Gathered from different sources on the internet, to the best of my knowledge public domain, or free to use.
H is for a Greek to Hebrew dictionary. I am not sure where I found this on the net, but am quite sure it was open source or public domain. If someone feels differently, you are free to contact me, on the facebook page.
L is for lexicon, the one used is the Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon, which is in the public domain.
D is for a dictionary of Septuagint and New Testament greek words. The New Testament part comes from an online interlinear, with the following information: "The Holy Bible, Berean Bible, Copyright ©2016 by Bible Hub. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. - Free Licensing for use in Websites, Apps, Software, and Audio: http://berean.bible/licensing.htm." Some additions have been made also to this file. The LXX part comes from an anonymous English-Greek Septuagint Interlinear, found on Archive.org. What the compiled dictionary shows is how the corresponding Greek words in the Enoch texts have been translated in the LXX and the N.T.
The Charles, Schodde, Laurence, and Geez texts are the same as used in the Geez Enoch Interlinear at this web site, where source information for those can be found.
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